Brick and brick work for hot blast stoves and the like



Jan. 12, 1932.

lA. E. ANDERSON BRICK AND BRICK WORK FOR HOT LAST STOVES AND THE LIKE Y Filed June l2, 1950 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Jan. l2, 1932. A` E ANDERSON 1,840,554

BRICK AND BRICK WORK FOR HOT BLAST STOVES AND THE LIKE Filed June 12, i930 2 sheets-sheet 2 g /f Q /f f /4 if wmf Patented Jan. 12, 1932 PATENT for-FICE AUGUSTUS `E. ANDERSON, OF BUFFALO, NEW YORK BRICK AND BRICK WORK FOR -HOT BLAST STOVES LAND THE LIKE Application filed .Tune 12,

rIhis invention relates .to brick work, such as employed in hot blast stoves of the kind that are used for heating the air for the forced drafts of blast furnaces.

These hot blast stoves are commonly provided with numerous relatively small passages or flues, formed by the bricks of the brick work, through 'which are forced the air to be heated and the burninggases or products of combustion used for heating up the brick Work. Various different forms and arrangements of bricks in such brick work have been heretofore used or suggested. In the use of the stoves, burning gases or hot products of combustion are first forced through the numerous flues formed by the bricks for heating up the bricks. The gases or products of combustion are then shut off and air is forced through .the iues in the brick work, whereby the air is heated by the hot flue walls or bricks.` The brick work is thus subjected to repeated and severe changes in temperature which causes expansion and contraction of the brick work and changes in dimensions of the bricks, due to the eX- pansion and contraction thereof, causing serious deformation or distortion of the brick work in the constructions heretofore employed, frequently resulting in the stoppage or clogging of the passages or iiues to an extent to seriously reduce the efficiency of the stove. Other objections to brick work as heretofore constructed are the greater;- pense, length of time and amount of labor necessary to erect or install the same in the stoves, in some cases bricks of different shapes being used in different portions of the brick work, which necessitates highly skilled labor to lay the bricks. Furthermore, the bricks in some of the known forms of brick work are of such shapes that skilled labor is necessary to make proper joints between the brick work andthe confining walls of the stove, which are ordinarily of cylindrical or curved form. Also, in some of the known types of brick work the bricks are of such shape or arrangement that they do not provide the maximum heating surface.

One object of this invention is to provide brick work for hot blast stoves and analogous 1930. Serial No. 460,630.

uses constructed of bricks of a novel shape and arrangement which insure maximum efficiency of operation of the stove.

Other objects of the invention are to form and arrange the bricks so that they can be readily laid or placed in position without special skill; also to lprovide a brick work having the maximum number of passages of a form and size to give the'maximum heating effect; also to provide a novel form and arrangement of the bricks whereby the bricks will be interlocked or tied together in such a manner as to prevent displacement of the bricks or the deformation of the air and gas passages under the alternate contraction and expansion or breathing of the brick work; also to form and arrange the bricks so that portions of the bricks in one horizontal course will overlap portions of the bricks of adjacent horizontal courses, and thus insure a stable brick work and prevent displacement of the bricks or deformation of the air and gas passages, and at the same time form continuous, straight vertical walls between-the several passages of the brick work; and also to produce a brick and brick work for hot blast stoves and analogous purposes having the features of advantage and improved construction hereinafter described and set forth inthe claims.

In the accompanying drawings:

Fig. 1 is a broken sectional elevation of a hot blast stove of ordinary type provided with brick work'embodyingv my invention.

Fig. 2 is a transverse, sectional elevation showing portions of two courses of bricks forming the brick work.

Fig. 3 is a transverse, sectional elevation of two superposed bricks separated substantially on the plane of Vline 3-3, Fig. 6.

Fig. 4 is a plan view of one of the bricks.

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary horizontal section of the stove, showing Y in different sectors a--b-c-CZ of the stove, different horizontal courses of the ybrick work on lines a-a; -ZJ

c0; and 1l-d respectively, Fig. l.

` Fig. 6 is a fragmentary perspective view of the brick work. n

The hot blast stove A may be, as illustrated in Fig. l, of ordinary construction, having concentric inner and outer upright cylindrical walls 10 and 11 forming between them an upright annular air heating chamber, and the stove, as usual, is provided with conduits or passages for the admission thereto and the discharge therefrom of the gases or products of combustion and the air to be heated. No detailed description is given of these features, since in this respect the stove is of well known construction and operation.

Vithin the air heating chamber, between the inner and outer upright walls 1() and 11, is arranged the brick work forming the subject of this invention. This brick work, with the exception of its lower or foundation portion, which may be of any suitable construction, is built up of bricks which are of L-shape in Vhorizontal section, and are laid in rows in superposed horizontal courses. All of the bricks may be of the same shape and size,

` except when they are laid in curved rows, as

in the case of a circular stove such as illustrated, in which each horizontal course is composed of concentric rows of the bricks laid with their legs disposed radially of the stove. In such case, the bases of the L-bricks in one course, in which the bricks are arranged 'with their bases outwardly or farthest away from the center ofthe stove, are slightly longer than the bases of the bricks in the adjoining horizontal course, which are laid with the bases inwardly, or toward the center of the stove.

12 represents the bricks of one size and 13 represents the bricks of the other size. Each of the bricks, as clearly shown in Figs. 4, 5 and 6, has a base portion 14 and a leg portion 15. The leg portions are preferably longer than the bases and of relatively deep and narrow vertical cross section as indicated clearly in Figs. 2 and 3, and the base portions 14 are of the saine height but preferably of somewhat greater thickness than the leg portions. The bricks 12 in every other horizontal course are arranged with the legs extending in substantially radial planes of the stove and with their base portions 14 projecting laterally from the ends of the legs farthest from the center of the stove, all of the bricks in this course being arranged in the same relative position, with the bases outermost and preferably extending in the same lateral direction from the legs, as shown in the lower course in Fig. 6. The bricks 13 in the remaining or alternate horizontal courses are similarly arranged but reversed, that is with their bases toward the center of the stove, and also preferably projecting laterally in the opposite direction from the legs, as clearly seen in the upper course in Fig. 6. The leg of each brick in one horizontal course is arranged in the same vertical radial plane and directly upon the leg of the brick beneath it in the underlying horizontal course, and also with the base of each brick in one course in the `there are no shoulders or offsets therein to obstruct the flow of the air or gas vertically through the passage.

The bases 14 of the bricks 12, as explained, are preferably slightly longer than the bases 14 of the bricks 13 in the alternate horizontal courses, the difference in the lengths of the bases being proportional to the difference in the circumferential lengths of the circles delined by the bases, the circumferential length of the inner circle which the bases of the bricks 13 define, being necessarily shorter than that of the outer circle defined by the bases of the bricks 12. This difference in the lengths of the bases of the reversed bricks in adjacent courses makes it possible for the legs of the bricks in each circle to be arranged one directly above the other in the same radial vertical planes and with the base portion of each brick contacting with the adjacent brick notwithstanding the difference in the circumferential lengths of the circles.

Preferably each brick is made with a transverse opening or passage 17 extending through its leg portion and also with its base portion 14 notched or recessed to form a radial passage 18 therethrough. Thus the vertical passages 16 formed between the bricks are connected by the transverse passages 17 and 18, all of the vertical flues or passages being in this way connected with each other. Therefore, in the event of the stoppage or clogging of any one or more of the vertical flues or passages 16 at any point in its length, the air or gas can pass from the clogged passage or passages through one or more of the transverse passages 17 or radial passages 18 into an adjacent vertical flue or flues. This reduces obstruction to the flow of the air or gas through the stove in case any of the vertical flues or passages should become deformed and constricted or clogged.

In order to retain the bricks in the intended position with the leg portions of superposed bricks in the same vertical plane, the leg of each brick is preferably provided at one edge with a longitudinal rib 19 adapted to enter a longitudinal groove 20 in the proximate edge of the adjoining brick. These nterfitting tongues and grooves, While preventing radial movement of the bricks in adjacentcourses.

It will be noted from Fig. 6 that, because of the reversal of the bricks in the alterna-te horizontal courses, the base portions 14 of the bricks 13 in one horizontal course break joint with or overlap theI joints 21 between the base portions of the bricks in the next adjacent horizontal course. Because of this arrangement the bricks in the different courses intermesh and are tied together and the brick work will be more stable, thereby preventing displacement, buckling or deformation of the walls ot the vertical air and gas iiues or passages. n

1n the two sectors a and Z) at the left 1n Fig. l, bricks 25 of a different shape are shown. These are simply foundation bricks used in one or more courses at the bottom of the heating chamber to form a suitable foundation or support for the remaining portion or main iody of the brick work which is formed by the L-bricks 12 and 13. This foundation may be composed of bricks of any suitable form or constructed in any suitable way to provide a supporting base for the overlying brick work and provide opening 26 registering with the lower ends of the lines 16 formed by the L-bricks 12 and 13.

I claim as my invention:

1. Brick work for hot blast stoves and the like. composed of L-shaped bricks arranged in superposed horizontal courses, with the legs and bases of the bricks disposed in horizontal planes. and with the legs of superposed bricks in the same vertical plane, but with the bases of the bricks in adjacent horizontal courses projecting in opposite direction.

2. Brick work for hot blast stoves and the like, composed of L-shaped bricks laid in superposed horizontal courses.y with the legs and bases of the bricks disposed in horizontal planes, the bricks in one horizontal course being reversed with respect to the bricks in the adjacent course.

3. Brick work for hot blast stoves and the like, composed of bricks arranged in parallel rows in snperposed courses, each of the bricks being` of L-shape in horizontal cross section, andthe bricks being reversed in adjacent courses with the base portions of the bricks in one horizontal course disposed at the opposite edges of the rows from the base portions of the bricks in the next adjacent horizontal course.

4. Brick work for hot blast stoves and the like, comprising bricks arranged in parallel rows in parallel courses, said bricks being of L-shape in cross section in one plane, and being arranged with legs of the correspondingly located bricks in the different courses in the same longitudinal plane perpendicular to said iirst mentioned plane, but with the bricks in adjacent courses reversed end for end with respect to each other.

5. Brick work for hot blast stoves and the like, comprising bricks arranged in parallel circular rows in superposed horizontal courses, said bricks being of L-shape in horizontal cross section, and the bricks in one horizontal course being reversed with respect to the bricks in the adjacent horizontal course and having base portions of greater length than the base portions of the bricks in the adjacent horizontal course.

6. Brick work for hot blast stoves and the like, composed of L-shaped bricks arranged in parallel rows in successive courses with the end of the base of each brick facing the base end of the leg of the adjoining brick in the same row, and the opposite ends of the legs of the bricks in one row facing the bases of the bricks in the adjoining row, but with the bricks in adjacent courses reversed end for end.

7. Brick work for hot blast stoves and the like, composed of L-shaped bricks arranged in parallel rows in parallel courses, with the bases of the bricks in adjacent courses in the same transverse planes perpendicular to the courses but extending laterally in opposite directions from their legs.

8. Brick work for hot blast stoves and the like, composed of L-shaped bricks arranged in parallel circular rows in successive courses with the legs of the bricks extending radially and the bases of the bricks in adjacent courses extending in opposite directions circumferentially.

9. Brick work for hot blast stoves and the like, composed of L-shaped bricks arranged in parallel circular rows in parallel courses, with the legs of the bricks extending radially and the legs of the bricks of corresponding rows of the several courses in the same radial planes but with the bases of the bricks in adjacent courses extending laterally in opposite directions from their legs.

AUGUSTUS E. ANDERSON. 

